The benefits of grapes
In the conditions of market economy, it is very important to develop grape making from the point of view of meeting the needs of the population to the grape.
Grape is a precious agricultural plant. Ancient Roman rhinoceros "A way to the life going through the grapes" is a vivid example of the role of grapes as essential nutrition in human life. It is known that grapevine was cultivated by human thousands of years ago. A great taste, freshness, high quality and wide range of grape products have always attracted the attention of people to the grape fruit.
Fresh grape is a product that has high taste and nutritional ability. During full ripening, grape fruit contains about 65-85% water, 15-25% glucose and fructose, which are easily absorbed by the human body. There is 480-1280 kcal energy in 1 liter of grape juice, which equals 20-30% of a day's daily ration of human. There are about 3250 calories in 1 kg of dried grapes (in raisins and movuc). In addition, grapes contain ferments, vitamins (C, B1, B2, A, P, etc.), amino acids, other organic acids (apples, wine, coffee, anthrax, acid, salicylic acid, etc.), mineral substances and ash elements, a small amount of nitrogenous substances, acetates, complex ether, waxes, oils and so on that are available and essential to the human body. Vitamins contain 10 g of crude matter: carotene (A) - 0.02 - 0.12 mg, thiamine (B) - 0.25-1.25 mg, riboflavin (B2) - small amounts, ascorbic acid (C) - 0.43-12.2 mg, adermine (B6) - in small quantities, citrine (P). Due to its calories, 1 l of grape juice is equivalent to 1,7 liters of milk, 650 g of meat, 1 kg of fish, 300 g of sheep cheese, 500 g of bread, 3-5 eggs, 1,2 kg of potatoes, 3,5 kg of tomatoes, 1,5 kg of apples, pears or peach. Generally, it is known from the literature data that grapes contain up to 350 inorganic and organic substances.
Grape vines contain a wide variety of dry substance organic compounds (glucose, fructose, organic and mineral acids, pectin substances, vaccine and colorants, aromatic and nitrogen compounds - proteins, amino acids, amide acid, ammonium salts, very little nitrates, oils (in seeds), enzymes, vitamins - B1, B2, C, PP, P, etc.).
Fresh grape vines contain 30% easily absorbed sugars (glucose, fructose), mineral salts (potassium salts - 235 mg, calcium salts - 45 mg, sodium salts - 26 mg, phosphorus salts - 22 mg and a small amount of manganese, cobalt , ferrous salts) and is rich in other compounds.
Separate elements of grape saplings (grape, comb, seeds, shell, spots) have specific biochemical properties. 55-80% water is in comb, 60-80 in shell, 25-50 in seed, 60-90% in spot, however, 0.7-2.0 nitrogen compounds are in comb, 0.8-2.0 in the shell; 0.8-1.2 in seed; 0.2-1.4% in spot; 1-2 ash elements in comb; 0.5-1.0 in the shell; 1.2-2.9 in seed; 0.2% to 0.6% in spot. Sugar is mainly collected in spot (5-23%), and very little is observed in the shell. Though oils are not observed in the comb, but 0.1 is in the shell, 10-24 in the seed; 0.2-0.5% in the spot. Though thinning and colouring agents are not found in the spot, but in the comb 1,2- 5,4; in the shell 0.5 to 4.0; in the seeds 2-8% are collected. It is defined that there is 0.1-1.5% of apple acid in the spot; and wine acid from 0.4-1.0%. It is determined that there is 21 % nitrogen compounds in the comb, 20.0 in the shell, 19.0 in the seed; 10.2 – 40.0 % in the spot.
Along with the use of fresh grapes, the grape is also used in preparation of different type alcoholic and non-alcoholic products such as table, dark, dessert, champagne wines, cognac, grape vinegar, grape vodka, as well as raisins, movuj, bekmez, abgora, natural grape juice, grape concentrate, doshab, compote and jam.
Industrial waste processing of grape making and winemaking industries is of great importance in the national economy, they are used for soaps, polygraphy, chemistry, sugar and textile industries. Oil and coffee are made from grape seeds. Household appliances, which have special purchasing power in the national economy, are made of its woody tissue.
As mentioned above, the range of grapes usage in the national economy is very broad.
From the earliest times, it is known that the wine and wine products is important for health cure. Grape wines are very promising in endotherapy due to their therapeutic significance. The acidity of the grape juice (pH 2.6-3.3) is close to the pH of the gastric juice (2-2.5). This is also a factor that provides normal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract system in the human body. On the other hand, sugar easily digested in grape juice is a valuable food ingredient for muscles, especially for the heart muscles. Grape juice and bekmez can be successfully used in the prevention of some infectious diseases occurred in the human body due to its bactericidal effect. Taking into account the important food and therapeutic significance of the grape, vinicology (cure with grape and grape products) is taught as a special subject in medical institutions. Only grape products were used in the XIII century in Ordubad in “Shafa” treatment center for the cure of anaemia and gastrointestinal diseases. Nakhchivan's ancient local Shafeyi grape sort was derived its name from this source.
Each of the components inside the grape such as sugar, various organic acids, mineral salts, pectin substances, vitamins, enzymes, phytonsides, acetyls, and other such ingredients in the grape has a unique effect and benefit on the human body.
It should be noted that it is possible to change the nature of metabolism in the human body and eliminate its nutritional weakness and pathological status through grape and some of its products.
Sugars have bactericidal effect against bacteria and microorganisms, allowing tissues to meet oxygen demand. Grape neutralizes toxic substances in the intestine and liver, reduces blood urine and prevents the collection of salts in the body. Potassium cations in grape fruits have an effective impact on the delivery of water to the tissues in the human body, however, phosphorus and calcium are good for growth, iron is good for blood-vessel system and the oxidation process. Calcium cations also regulate nervous system, muscle tissue and blood coagulation activities in the body. Organic acids regulate the neutralization process (acid-alkaline equilibrium) in the body. Amino acids, which give a good taste to a grape, are useful for the health of the body, and also keep it healthy. Vaccine items help to activate development, respiratory process and metabolism.
Grapes are often compared to breast milk. According to some scholars, grape juice is very close to breast milk. Therefore, it is recommended to give fresh grape juice to the children with developmental disabilities. Grape juice also regulates blood circulation and blood pressure and ensures that it remains natural. Grape can be used as a healing agent for pleuritis and bronchitis, gastric juice, babosil, kidney stone diseases, early stages of tuberculosis, heart, kidney, liver pains, anemia, angina, as well as nervousness.
It is not recommended to use grape fruit and juice during sugary diabetes, all acute illnesses, stomach ulcers, stomatitis (inflammation of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity), chronic tuberculosis, chronic diarrhoea and obesity. The method of using grape fruits and juice for treatment is not so difficult. For this purpose, people are expected to use a large amount of grape fruit or juice within 3-6 weeks. The grape vines used should be washed clean, its peel and seed should be removed and the spot should be chewed well. The acceptance of alcoholic beverages, fatty foods, milk, yogurt and mineral water should be stopped during the treatment. The initial acceptance dose of grape should be small. Fresh grape should be eaten 2-3 hours before breakfast, and 1-2 hours before dinner.
The grape daily admission norm should be 100 grams on the first day, 200 grams on the second day, and then should be increased up to 2 kg (treatment should last for 3-6 weeks). Then the amount of this norm should gradually be reduced to 100 grams. After a short break, the treatment course should be repeated. At this time, daily dose should be 1.2 liters for grape juice and 2 kg for its fruit.
It should be noted that the healing properties belong to all grape varieties. Along with the fruit of grapes, the products made from grape such as non-alcoholic beverages, concentrates, grape compote, jam, juice, grape vinegar, doshab, and even wines have dietary and therapeutic significance. From this point of view, it is recommended to include the above-mentioned grape products in the meals for businesses that are heavy and harmful to organisms, as well as to sanatoriums, hospitals and children's homes.
Grape wines are of the therapeutic essence. White table wines have a diuretic effect, red table wines brace up a person, and sweet wines feed well. Drinking dark wine helps to digest the food more quickly, kills harmful germs in the gastrointestinal tract.
There are also some diseases (chronic gastritis, gastric ulcers, liver diseases) that people are absolutely prohibited from receiving alcoholic beverages. There are also people who have a genetic tendency for alcoholism. Acceptance of alcoholic beverages by the people of such generations results in severe consequences. According to many scientists, acceptance of 25-50 grams of wine by a human per day will have a normal effect on the body's activity, and it will benefit the person.
The grape bekmez softens the body, giving it warmth and dryness. It is accompanied by gold rays, skin tumors, redness, swelling of fresh wounds, and fever. It is possible to treat headaches, itching and insect bites with vinegar. The leaves of the grapes have the ability of antiseptic, the ability to remove the cold, to gonorrhea, and to quickly heal the wounds. It is recommended that women take a dried leaf (2-4 grams) of grapes in a certain period as a blood forming matter. Leaf brew and liquid extract can be used to rinse the throat during angina and wash the skin during skin diseases. It is advisable to use chopped grape leaves to accelerate healing of ulcerative ulcers and stomach injury.
Grape leaves have been used as a healing agent in the past to treat diarrhea, heart disease, tooth and abdominal pain, and bleeding.
- Brew of grape leaves are good at cough – it liquefies expectoration and helps to get out of the breath. In order to prepare the brew, one will need to add a glass of boiled water onto 5-7 fresh grape leaves and brew it for 30 minutes. The brew should be taken warmly throughout the day.
- Such a brew also helps to reduce sugar level in the blood.
- Grape leaves have antimicrobial effect. Chewing grape leaves reduces the number of microbes in the oral cavity, eliminates bad odor, minimizes the risk of caries and palate inflammation.
- Grape leaf brew strengthens the palate and therefore, helps to treat sensitive gums. Rinse the mouth cavity with the brew several times a day.
- Chew grape leaf while in the acne – it reduces the feeling of discomfort. This is particularly relevant for pregnant women who suffer from toxicosis.
- Grape leaf brew during diarrhoea is a good therapeutic effect, it "collects" the intestines.
- Grape leaf brew also helps during varicose veins disease - strengthens the walls of the veins, reduces edema on the legs. For this purpose, it is necessary to wet the gauze fabric in the brew and put it on the legs
- Grape brew in folk medicine is also used in podakra (both soaking inside and outside).
- People who suffer from dementia (babosil) can make baths (in situ) with the brew of grape leaf, or they can keep gauze fabric soaked a bit in brew in the part of noodles.
- The grape leaf tea is very good. To prepare tea, add 1 cup of boiling water on 2-3 fresh leaves for 15 minutes. Such tea is rich in antioxidants. Antioxidant substances slow down the aging processes in the body, and remove the harmful substances from the organism. Honey and lemon can be added for your taste to improve the taste of the tea.
- Grape leaves are also very useful for the skin. They make the face skin be younger, soften & lessen pores in oily skin. To prepare a mask, grind the grape leaves in a blender, add 1 teaspoon lemon juice and 1 teaspoon honey and apply to clean face skin. Leave on for 20 minutes and rinse with warm water.
Rejuvenating mask: blended grape leaves + 1 teaspoon of apricot oil + 5 drops of A and E vitamins of each. Mix well and keep on the clean skin for 20 minutes, rinse well with warm water and apply any nourishing cream.
As you can see, the grape plant is of great importance in the public economy, especially in medicine.
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